jueves 22 de mayo de 2008

United Nations and the referendum

Here I write my opinion, at the end, you have references for finding information about the topic.

In 1965 the General Asembly of United Nations adopted the first resolution for Spain in order to decolonize Western Sahara.
During the following years, the United Nations adopted more resolutions to ask Spain the referendum for Western Sahara.
In1973, spain acepted the resolutions of United nations and did a census of te population in order to know how many people can vote.
But some problems, delayed the referendum because Marocco said that Western sahara is a part of Marocco and threatened to occupy Western Sahara if spain decides to make the referendum or give the independence for the saharauis.
Spain wanted to make the referendum even when Marocco was threating. Then, marocco brought the case for the International Court of Justice and this didn't find any sovereignty between Marocco and Western Sahara, only some industry relationship but never sovereignty.
Then, Marocco didn't like the resolutions of the United nations and of the International Court of Justice, then decided to occupy Western Sahara making te green March, that means, 350.000 maroccans walked to Western Sahara in order to occupy our country.
Spain didn't do anything for defending the spanish province (from 1958 ntill then) and decided to sign up an agreement in order to share Western Sahara between Marocco and Mauritania.
As I said in the before pot, the Polisario front and the saharauis started a long war in order to defend te territory.
The United nations only said that the occupation of the territory was illegal and condemn the occupation.
In 1988, Pérez de Cóllar got an agreement between te kindom of Marocco and Polisario Front for negotiations, then, the United Nations got tat marocco and Polisario Front sign up an agreement for making a referendum, now, te saharauis had to decide to be independent or te integration wit Marocco.
Te voters were saharauis from te spanish census that the government of Spain made in 1974 for the before referendum tat we've never got.
Marocco, started again saying the referendum wasn't a good solution because one of the options was the independence and Marocco didn't want to know anything about the independence. So, the referendum started to be delaying again untill now.
The United nations has done many resolutions and tried to find differents ways for getting a solution, but Marocco only wants te integration of te territory and Polisario front of course wants only te referendum because we have to decide about our future and any organization and any country can decide instead us.
Now Marocco proposes only an autonomy for Western Sahara, that is illegal because we can't acept the Marocco's plan because we've never been maroccan and untill the spanish colonization Western Sahara was an independent territory, so, Marocco has no sovereignty of Western Sahara.
The United nations, as in other conflicts, has proved to be very ineffective for getting solutions and imposing the justice.
The security confil is not allowed to fine Marocco because France and United States didn't want to include marocco in he seven chapter in order to fine and obligate marocco to makes the referendum and comply the United Nations's resolutions.
That is because France, United nations, European Union and many contries and companies have economical interests for buying and stealing the natural resources of Western Sahara. They prefer to steal natural resources, leave 200.000 people in the refugee camps, close their eyes for not watching the represion of Marocco autorithies against the saharauis in western Sahara and te saharan student in Marocco instead to do te referendum and ask us what we want, give us te self independence.
United Nations has got an agreement between Polisario Front and Marocco for negotiations, but that negotiations are something very sily because M Marocco only want to occupy the territory as untill now and logically te saharauis wants only the independence and the referendum for choosing our future.

References:
1: http://www.usip.org/pubs/specialreports/sr166_united_nations_sahara.html#intro
2: http://www.un.org/Depts/dpko/missions/minurso/
3: http://www.globalpolicy.org/security/issues/wsahara/wsindex.htm